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The Yokut Indians were the first people to settle in the San Joaquin Valley, some 8000 years ago. One source cites the English transliteration of the Yokuts place name for Bakersfield as as Woy Loo. In 1776, the Spanish missionary
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Father Francisco Garcés was the first European to reach the area. In 1851 gold was discovered in the Kern River, and in 1865 the first discovery of oil was made in the valley. Settlements grew up, and the place soon became known as "Colonel Baker's field", after one of the local settlers. When Colonel
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Tom Baker was given the assignment of surveying a township in 1869, the town was given the official name of "Bakersfield".
In 1880 the first school in Bakersfield was established, Norris School. The land was donated by local farmer, William Norris. About 13 to 20 kids were taught in one classroom during the 1880s. In 1915, the Norris School was
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rebuilt to accommodate an increase in students. In 1950 the school was torn down and reconstructed and once again in 1980. Today the Norris school district is still quite small, especially in comparison to the Bakersfield City Schools District, the state's largest.
In 1892 the first high school in Bakersfield was opened. Kern Valley High School, which was later renamed Bakersfield High School. The site is also the first campus of Bakersfield College which was relocated in the 1950s to its current location overlooking the Panorama Bluffs.
The town continued to grow, and reached a population of about 300 by 1869, and 800 by 1871. Adversities such as the floods of 1867 and 1893, and the fires of 1889 and 1919, did not reverse this trend. On May 27, 1898, the San Joaquin Valley Railroad arrived in Bakersfield, giving a great boost to population. Then, in the 1930s, the Dust Bowl brought a great influx of migrant workers from the
Great Plains, Arkansas and Oklahoma taking work mostly in agriculture and the oil industry. In later years, farm work in the area has mostly been conducted by Mexican immigrants.