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Costa Mesa is a city in Orange County, California, United States. Thepopulation was 108,724 at the 2000 census. Since its incorporation in 1953, the city has grown from a semi-rural farming
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community of 16,840 to a
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suburban city with an economy based on retail commerce and light manufacturing.
Mission San Juan Capistrano used this land for grazing in the late 18th and 19th centuries, and it remained part of a large
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ranchero until the mid-1800s. Settlers formed the town of Fairview in the 1880s near the modern intersection of Harbor Boulevard and Adams Avenue. An 1889 flood wiped out the railroad serving the community, however, and it shriveled.
To the south, meanwhile, the community of Harper had arisen on a siding of the Santa Ana and Newport Railroad, named after a local rancher. This town prospered on its agricultural goods. On May 11, 1920, Harper changed its name to Costa Mesa, which means coastal tableland in Spanish.
Costa Mesa surged in population during and after World War II, as many thousands trained at Santa Ana Army Air Base and returned after the war with their families. Within three decades of incorporation, the city's population had nearly quintupled.